These haunting Crimean War photos represent some of the first battlefield photos ever taken and reveal the history of this overlooked conflict that shaped Europe for decades.
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1 of 34Soldiers battle during the Crimean War. Circa 1855.Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images 2 of 34General Pierre Bosquet of France gives orders to his men. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 3 of 34Sergeant J. Brease of Britain’s 11th Hussars, who lost his arm in the Battle of Inkerman. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 4 of 34British and French soldiers relax and share a drink during the Crimean War. Location unspecified. 1855.Roger Fenton/Wikimedia Commons 5 of 34Titled “Valley of the Shadow of Death,” this iconic photo shows a road in Sevastopol littered with cannonballs. April 23, 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 6 of 34Soldiers involved in the taking of Malakoff in 1855.Hulton-Deutsch/Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis via Getty Images 7 of 34Britain’s Florence Nightingale, who famously helped modernize battlefield nursing during the Crimean War. 1860.Wikimedia Commons 8 of 34Officers of Britain’s 71st Highlanders. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 9 of 34British soldiers of the Crimean War who have lost limbs. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 10 of 34North African soldiers fighting for France take a rest. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 11 of 34The ruins of a Russian post used to defend Sevastopol. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 12 of 34Major Hallewell of Britain lounges about while a servant pours him a drink. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 13 of 34Colour Sergeant William McGregor of Britain’s Scots Fusilier Guards. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 14 of 34An unspecified gun team stands with their horses. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 15 of 34Pipe Major John Macdonald of Britain’s 72nd Highlanders, with bagpipes. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 16 of 34Balaklava harbor. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 17 of 34Soldiers of the 72nd Highlanders. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 18 of 34A Croat chieftain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 19 of 34Ottoman commander Omar Pasha on his horse. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 20 of 34Officers of Britain’s 95th Regiment. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 21 of 34Lieutenant Colonel Munroe of Britain and his officers, dressed in uniform. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 22 of 34Photographer Roger Fenton’s assistant, Marcus Sparling, sits on his photographic van. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 23 of 34Major General James B. Estcourt of Britain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 24 of 34Men of the British 89th Regiment, also known as the “Royal Irish Fusiliers.” 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 25 of 34A Russian barracks lies in ruins just after the war. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 26 of 34A group of laborers repair a road. Balaklava. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 27 of 34Several artillery wagons sit on a plateau near Sevastopol. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 28 of 34Several officers from Britain’s 13th Light Dragoons. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 29 of 34Fighters stand amid mortar batteries with bomb-proof shelters. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 30 of 34Men rest near a mortar battery. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 31 of 34A man stands near a cemetery for English generals. Cathcart Hill. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 32 of 34A battery on Malakhov Hill. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 33 of 34Several officers of Britain’s 17th Regiment. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 34 of 34Like this gallery?Share it:
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Valley Of Death: 33 Historic Photos From The Crimean War View Gallery
When the Crimean War broke out between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire and its allies in 1853, photographers took their new technology to the front lines to show the world for the first time what war was really like.
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31 Imperial Russia Photos That Reveal History In Stunning Color
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1 of 34Soldiers battle during the Crimean War. Circa 1855.Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images 2 of 34General Pierre Bosquet of France gives orders to his men. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 3 of 34Sergeant J. Brease of Britain’s 11th Hussars, who lost his arm in the Battle of Inkerman. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 4 of 34British and French soldiers relax and share a drink during the Crimean War. Location unspecified. 1855.Roger Fenton/Wikimedia Commons 5 of 34Titled “Valley of the Shadow of Death,” this iconic photo shows a road in Sevastopol littered with cannonballs. April 23, 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 6 of 34Soldiers involved in the taking of Malakoff in 1855.Hulton-Deutsch/Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis via Getty Images 7 of 34Britain’s Florence Nightingale, who famously helped modernize battlefield nursing during the Crimean War. 1860.Wikimedia Commons 8 of 34Officers of Britain’s 71st Highlanders. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 9 of 34British soldiers of the Crimean War who have lost limbs. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 10 of 34North African soldiers fighting for France take a rest. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 11 of 34The ruins of a Russian post used to defend Sevastopol. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 12 of 34Major Hallewell of Britain lounges about while a servant pours him a drink. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 13 of 34Colour Sergeant William McGregor of Britain’s Scots Fusilier Guards. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 14 of 34An unspecified gun team stands with their horses. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 15 of 34Pipe Major John Macdonald of Britain’s 72nd Highlanders, with bagpipes. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 16 of 34Balaklava harbor. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 17 of 34Soldiers of the 72nd Highlanders. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 18 of 34A Croat chieftain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 19 of 34Ottoman commander Omar Pasha on his horse. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 20 of 34Officers of Britain’s 95th Regiment. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 21 of 34Lieutenant Colonel Munroe of Britain and his officers, dressed in uniform. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 22 of 34Photographer Roger Fenton’s assistant, Marcus Sparling, sits on his photographic van. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 23 of 34Major General James B. Estcourt of Britain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 24 of 34Men of the British 89th Regiment, also known as the “Royal Irish Fusiliers.” 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 25 of 34A Russian barracks lies in ruins just after the war. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 26 of 34A group of laborers repair a road. Balaklava. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 27 of 34Several artillery wagons sit on a plateau near Sevastopol. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 28 of 34Several officers from Britain’s 13th Light Dragoons. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 29 of 34Fighters stand amid mortar batteries with bomb-proof shelters. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 30 of 34Men rest near a mortar battery. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 31 of 34A man stands near a cemetery for English generals. Cathcart Hill. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 32 of 34A battery on Malakhov Hill. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 33 of 34Several officers of Britain’s 17th Regiment. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 34 of 34Like this gallery?Share it:
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And if you liked this post, be sure to check out these popular posts:
31 Imperial Russia Photos That Reveal History In Stunning Color
44 Historic Photos Of Native Americans Brought To Life In Striking Color
44 Historic NASA Photos From The Glory Days Of Space Exploration
1 of 34Soldiers battle during the Crimean War. Circa 1855.Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images 2 of 34General Pierre Bosquet of France gives orders to his men. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 3 of 34Sergeant J. Brease of Britain’s 11th Hussars, who lost his arm in the Battle of Inkerman. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 4 of 34British and French soldiers relax and share a drink during the Crimean War. Location unspecified. 1855.Roger Fenton/Wikimedia Commons 5 of 34Titled “Valley of the Shadow of Death,” this iconic photo shows a road in Sevastopol littered with cannonballs. April 23, 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 6 of 34Soldiers involved in the taking of Malakoff in 1855.Hulton-Deutsch/Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis via Getty Images 7 of 34Britain’s Florence Nightingale, who famously helped modernize battlefield nursing during the Crimean War. 1860.Wikimedia Commons 8 of 34Officers of Britain’s 71st Highlanders. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 9 of 34British soldiers of the Crimean War who have lost limbs. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 10 of 34North African soldiers fighting for France take a rest. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 11 of 34The ruins of a Russian post used to defend Sevastopol. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 12 of 34Major Hallewell of Britain lounges about while a servant pours him a drink. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 13 of 34Colour Sergeant William McGregor of Britain’s Scots Fusilier Guards. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 14 of 34An unspecified gun team stands with their horses. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 15 of 34Pipe Major John Macdonald of Britain’s 72nd Highlanders, with bagpipes. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 16 of 34Balaklava harbor. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 17 of 34Soldiers of the 72nd Highlanders. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 18 of 34A Croat chieftain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 19 of 34Ottoman commander Omar Pasha on his horse. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 20 of 34Officers of Britain’s 95th Regiment. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 21 of 34Lieutenant Colonel Munroe of Britain and his officers, dressed in uniform. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 22 of 34Photographer Roger Fenton’s assistant, Marcus Sparling, sits on his photographic van. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 23 of 34Major General James B. Estcourt of Britain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 24 of 34Men of the British 89th Regiment, also known as the “Royal Irish Fusiliers.” 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 25 of 34A Russian barracks lies in ruins just after the war. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 26 of 34A group of laborers repair a road. Balaklava. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 27 of 34Several artillery wagons sit on a plateau near Sevastopol. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 28 of 34Several officers from Britain’s 13th Light Dragoons. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 29 of 34Fighters stand amid mortar batteries with bomb-proof shelters. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 30 of 34Men rest near a mortar battery. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 31 of 34A man stands near a cemetery for English generals. Cathcart Hill. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 32 of 34A battery on Malakhov Hill. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 33 of 34Several officers of Britain’s 17th Regiment. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 34 of 34Like this gallery?Share it:
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44 Historic NASA Photos From The Glory Days Of Space Exploration
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1 of 34Soldiers battle during the Crimean War. Circa 1855.Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images 2 of 34General Pierre Bosquet of France gives orders to his men. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 3 of 34Sergeant J. Brease of Britain’s 11th Hussars, who lost his arm in the Battle of Inkerman. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 4 of 34British and French soldiers relax and share a drink during the Crimean War. Location unspecified. 1855.Roger Fenton/Wikimedia Commons 5 of 34Titled “Valley of the Shadow of Death,” this iconic photo shows a road in Sevastopol littered with cannonballs. April 23, 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 6 of 34Soldiers involved in the taking of Malakoff in 1855.Hulton-Deutsch/Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis via Getty Images 7 of 34Britain’s Florence Nightingale, who famously helped modernize battlefield nursing during the Crimean War. 1860.Wikimedia Commons 8 of 34Officers of Britain’s 71st Highlanders. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 9 of 34British soldiers of the Crimean War who have lost limbs. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 10 of 34North African soldiers fighting for France take a rest. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 11 of 34The ruins of a Russian post used to defend Sevastopol. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 12 of 34Major Hallewell of Britain lounges about while a servant pours him a drink. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 13 of 34Colour Sergeant William McGregor of Britain’s Scots Fusilier Guards. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 14 of 34An unspecified gun team stands with their horses. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 15 of 34Pipe Major John Macdonald of Britain’s 72nd Highlanders, with bagpipes. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 16 of 34Balaklava harbor. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 17 of 34Soldiers of the 72nd Highlanders. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 18 of 34A Croat chieftain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 19 of 34Ottoman commander Omar Pasha on his horse. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 20 of 34Officers of Britain’s 95th Regiment. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons 21 of 34Lieutenant Colonel Munroe of Britain and his officers, dressed in uniform. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 22 of 34Photographer Roger Fenton’s assistant, Marcus Sparling, sits on his photographic van. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 23 of 34Major General James B. Estcourt of Britain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 24 of 34Men of the British 89th Regiment, also known as the “Royal Irish Fusiliers.” 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 25 of 34A Russian barracks lies in ruins just after the war. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 26 of 34A group of laborers repair a road. Balaklava. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 27 of 34Several artillery wagons sit on a plateau near Sevastopol. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 28 of 34Several officers from Britain’s 13th Light Dragoons. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 29 of 34Fighters stand amid mortar batteries with bomb-proof shelters. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 30 of 34Men rest near a mortar battery. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 31 of 34A man stands near a cemetery for English generals. Cathcart Hill. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 32 of 34A battery on Malakhov Hill. 1856.Wikimedia Commons 33 of 34Several officers of Britain’s 17th Regiment. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress 34 of 34Like this gallery?Share it:
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1 of 34Soldiers battle during the Crimean War. Circa 1855.Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images
2 of 34General Pierre Bosquet of France gives orders to his men. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
3 of 34Sergeant J. Brease of Britain’s 11th Hussars, who lost his arm in the Battle of Inkerman. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
4 of 34British and French soldiers relax and share a drink during the Crimean War. Location unspecified. 1855.Roger Fenton/Wikimedia Commons
5 of 34Titled “Valley of the Shadow of Death,” this iconic photo shows a road in Sevastopol littered with cannonballs. April 23, 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
6 of 34Soldiers involved in the taking of Malakoff in 1855.Hulton-Deutsch/Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis via Getty Images
7 of 34Britain’s Florence Nightingale, who famously helped modernize battlefield nursing during the Crimean War. 1860.Wikimedia Commons
8 of 34Officers of Britain’s 71st Highlanders. 1856.Wikimedia Commons
9 of 34British soldiers of the Crimean War who have lost limbs. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
10 of 34North African soldiers fighting for France take a rest. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
11 of 34The ruins of a Russian post used to defend Sevastopol. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
12 of 34Major Hallewell of Britain lounges about while a servant pours him a drink. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
13 of 34Colour Sergeant William McGregor of Britain’s Scots Fusilier Guards. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
14 of 34An unspecified gun team stands with their horses. Location unspecified. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
15 of 34Pipe Major John Macdonald of Britain’s 72nd Highlanders, with bagpipes. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
16 of 34Balaklava harbor. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
17 of 34Soldiers of the 72nd Highlanders. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
18 of 34A Croat chieftain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
19 of 34Ottoman commander Omar Pasha on his horse. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
20 of 34Officers of Britain’s 95th Regiment. Circa 1854-1856.Wikimedia Commons
21 of 34Lieutenant Colonel Munroe of Britain and his officers, dressed in uniform. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
22 of 34Photographer Roger Fenton’s assistant, Marcus Sparling, sits on his photographic van. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
23 of 34Major General James B. Estcourt of Britain. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
24 of 34Men of the British 89th Regiment, also known as the “Royal Irish Fusiliers.” 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
25 of 34A Russian barracks lies in ruins just after the war. 1856.Wikimedia Commons
26 of 34A group of laborers repair a road. Balaklava. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
27 of 34Several artillery wagons sit on a plateau near Sevastopol. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
28 of 34Several officers from Britain’s 13th Light Dragoons. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
29 of 34Fighters stand amid mortar batteries with bomb-proof shelters. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
30 of 34Men rest near a mortar battery. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
31 of 34A man stands near a cemetery for English generals. Cathcart Hill. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
32 of 34A battery on Malakhov Hill. 1856.Wikimedia Commons
33 of 34Several officers of Britain’s 17th Regiment. 1855.Roger Fenton/Library of Congress
34 of 34Like this gallery?Share it:
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Valley Of Death: 33 Historic Photos From The Crimean War View Gallery
Valley Of Death: 33 Historic Photos From The Crimean War View Gallery
Valley Of Death: 33 Historic Photos From The Crimean War View Gallery
Valley Of Death: 33 Historic Photos From The Crimean War View Gallery
Valley Of Death: 33 Historic Photos From The Crimean War
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While these photos weren’t as graphic as images captured during subsequent wars (in fact, they were hardly graphic at all), many historians nevertheless regard the Crimean War as the birthplace of war photography.
As TIME wrote, describing the works of noted Crimean War photographers like Roger Fenton, James Robertson, Felice Beato, and Carol Szathmari:
The Crimean War itself began in part because of a dispute between the Roman Catholic Church and the Russian Orthodox Church over church access rights to religious sites in the Holy Land, which was then part of the struggling Ottoman Empire, famously dubbed the “sick man of Europe” by Russia’s Tsar Nicholas.
Moreover, the two sides each had their own supporters with their own agendas. Imperial Russian forces looking to expand their influence in what’s now Ukraine naturally supported the Russian Orthodox Church. On the other hand, Britain and the Ottomans both sought to stop the advance of the Russian Empire and curb their growth as a rival European power. Both Britain and the Ottomans joined with Catholic-led France on the Roman Catholic side of the divide.
And while the two churches settled their differences, their imperial supporters did not, and the Ottomans declared war on Russia in 1853. The war raged for more than two years in the area surrounding the Black Sea, namely the Crimean peninsula on the northern coast.
The fighting was marked by a series of now historic events and clashes including the Battle of Balaclava, during which the British were able to fight off a major Russian charge at a critical naval base along the Black Sea and launch their own successful offensive known as the Charge of the Light Brigade, later immortalized in verse by poet Alfred Lord Tennyson.
Much of that time was spent on a single siege against the Russian naval stronghold at Sevastopol starting in 1854. The Ottoman allies hoped the siege would take just a few weeks but it ended up lasting 11 months. Ultimately, nearly a quarter of a million total soldiers died at Sevastopol before Russian forces fell, ending the Crimean War altogether (along with the fact that the allies had cut Russian supply lines across the Sea of Azov) with an allied victory in late 1855.
One factor that may help explain Russia’s defeat is alcohol. Tn the words of Politico:
One Russian soldier who fought in the Battle of Alma River recalled just how bad things could get when commanders were under the influence or otherwise confused and negligent:
And when alcohol wasn’t plentiful, that could prove troublesome as well. “We are to have no vodka, and how can we fight without it?” one veteran soldier reportedly said at the outset of the Sevastopol siege, expressing concern that the fighting might not turn out so well for Russia.
And beyond just the soldiers, many Russian commanders were frequently intoxicated on the battlefield according to contemporaneous accounts. This caused Russia’s battlefield defeats to be particularly embarrassing.
Regardless of the cause of Russia’s defeat, the Treaty of Paris made the Black Sea neutral territory, closing it to warships, and thus significantly curtailing the influence of the Russian Empire in the area.
The treaty’s Black Sea provision proved especially important. Neither Russia nor Turkey were now allowed to have military personnel or fortifications along the coast of the sea. This put a major halt on Russian imperial expansion in the region.
Furthermore, the conflict proved to have far-reaching geopolitical consequences for decades to come. As HISTORY wrote:
The Crimean War thus informed the nationalistic power grabs that dominated 19th-century Europe and eventually set the stage for World War I. The balance of power in Europe had forever been changed.
But aside from the far-reaching consequences of the war, the immediate human cost was certainly devastating.
The allies suffered approximately 223,000 total casualties throughout the war with a whopping 120,000 or so the result of disease. The Russians fared even worse: They suffered more than half a million casualties, more than half of which died from non-combat causes.
Alongside such suffering, the Crimean War also helped pave the way for battlefield photography itself, forever giving the public a new perspective on war.
After viewing the Crimean War photos above, dive deeper into Russian history with this look at Imperial Russia in full color. Then, see how things looked during the tragic final days of the Romanov family.
